Giulia Colleoni School of Politics, Economics & Global Affairs, IE University, Madrid, Spain. Dual Degree Master’s in Management and International Development. E-mail: giulia.colleoni@student.ie.edu. Abstract This report examines the role of Critical Raw Materials (CRMs) within the context of SDG 12, the UN Sustainable Development Goal aimed at ensuring sustainable patterns...

Bianca Aurora Cocconi School of Politics, Economics and Global Affairs, IE University, Madrid, Spain. Dual Degree in Economics and International Relations. E-mail: bcocconi.ieu2022@student.ie.edu. Published June 2025. Abstract Jordan, one of the driest countries in the world, is suffering from a severe water crisis compounded by climate change, a surging population, and...

Maya Attia Sciences Po Paris – Campus de Reims, France. Bachelor of Arts. E-mail: maya.attia@sciencespo.fr. Abstract This article examines the relationship between climate change and violent extremism in Central Africa. It argues that environmental degradation exacerbates socio-economic inequalities, undermines state legitimacy, and creates conditions conducive to radicalization. Through comparative case...

Fehri Aicha and Gargouri Khadija School of Politics, Economics and Global Affairs, IE University, Madrid, Spain E-mail: afehri.ieu2024@student.ie.edu; kgargouri.ieu2024@student.ie.edu Abstract Voluntourism has slowly grown into a billion-dollar global industry, capturing the attention of individuals from the Global North. Its popularity is due to its ability to combine leisure with...

Toby Tilley School of Politics, International Relations, & Global Affairs (SPEGA), IE University, Madrid, Spain. Bachelor’s in International Relations. E-mail: ttilley.ieu2022@student.ie.edu. Abstract The following paper will attempt to provide an analysis of policy – partly domestic, but primarily foreign – conducted by the Trump administration from 2017-2021, and January 2025-present,...

Kalina Stefanova School of Politics, Economics and Global Affairs, IE University, Segovia, Spain. Dual Degree in Economics and International Relations. E-mail: kstefanova.ieu2023@student.ie.edu. Abstract Since the early 2010s, the Arctic is increasingly becoming a key area for geopolitical competition due to the effects of climate change on maritime accessibility and resource...

Ian Charles Shepherd School of Politics, Economics & Global Affairs, IE University, Madrid, Spain. Bachelor’s in Business Administration & International Relations. E-mail: ishepherd.ieu2022@student.ie.edu. Abstract This article analyses how Xi Jinping and Donald T rump, the key decision-makers for the People’s Republic of China and the United States, might handle Taiwan’s...

Orlando Recchi School of Politics, Economics & Global Affairs, IE University, Madrid, Spain. Bachelor’s in International Relations. E-mail: orecchi.ieu2021@student.ie.edu. Abstract The Arctic is rapidly emerging as a global critical geopolitical flashpoint, courtesy of intensified military and economic competition among Russia, the United States, and China. Driven by climate change, projections...

Agustín Plaza de los Reyes Álvarez School of Politics, Economics and Global Affairs, IE University, Madrid, Spain Bachelor’s in Law and International Relations E-mail: aplazadelosr.ieu2023@student.ie.edu Abstract The threat of climate change held a predominant position in geopolitical debates and news headlines for the past decade. Many countries – either due...

Elena Panté Department of Political and Social Sciences, University of Bologna, Forlì, Italy. Bachelor’s in International Relations and Diplomatic Affairs. E-mail: elena.pante@studio.unibo.it. Abstract In the contemporary era, the liberal international order is experiencing significant instability, as scholars had predicted. They developed various hypotheses regarding the erosion of said order, including...

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